Rev 376 | Rev 387 | Go to most recent revision | Details | Compare with Previous | Last modification | View Log | RSS feed
Rev | Author | Line No. | Line |
---|---|---|---|
1 | |||
117 | Werner | 2 | #include "global.h" |
3 | #include "tree.h" |
||
3 | Werner | 4 | |
83 | Werner | 5 | #include "grid.h" |
3 | Werner | 6 | |
83 | Werner | 7 | #include "stamp.h" |
90 | Werner | 8 | #include "species.h" |
189 | iland | 9 | #include "resourceunit.h" |
151 | iland | 10 | #include "model.h" |
38 | Werner | 11 | |
110 | Werner | 12 | // static varaibles |
106 | Werner | 13 | FloatGrid *Tree::mGrid = 0; |
151 | iland | 14 | HeightGrid *Tree::mHeightGrid = 0; |
40 | Werner | 15 | int Tree::m_statPrint=0; |
48 | Werner | 16 | int Tree::m_statAboveZ=0; |
105 | Werner | 17 | int Tree::m_statCreated=0; |
40 | Werner | 18 | int Tree::m_nextId=0; |
19 | |||
158 | werner | 20 | |
257 | werner | 21 | |
158 | werner | 22 | /** get distance and direction between two points. |
23 | returns the distance (m), and the angle between PStart and PEnd (radians) in referenced param rAngle. */ |
||
24 | float dist_and_direction(const QPointF &PStart, const QPointF &PEnd, float &rAngle) |
||
151 | iland | 25 | { |
158 | werner | 26 | float dx = PEnd.x() - PStart.x(); |
27 | float dy = PEnd.y() - PStart.y(); |
||
28 | float d = sqrt(dx*dx + dy*dy); |
||
29 | // direction: |
||
30 | rAngle = atan2(dx, dy); |
||
31 | return d; |
||
151 | iland | 32 | } |
33 | |||
158 | werner | 34 | |
110 | Werner | 35 | // lifecycle |
3 | Werner | 36 | Tree::Tree() |
37 | { |
||
149 | werner | 38 | mDbh = mHeight = 0; |
39 | mRU = 0; mSpecies = 0; |
||
169 | werner | 40 | mFlags = mAge = 0; |
276 | werner | 41 | mOpacity=mFoliageMass=mWoodyMass=mCoarseRootMass=mFineRootMass=mLeafArea=0.; |
159 | werner | 42 | mDbhDelta=mNPPReserve=mLRI=mStressIndex=0.; |
264 | werner | 43 | mLightResponse = 0.; |
106 | Werner | 44 | mId = m_nextId++; |
105 | Werner | 45 | m_statCreated++; |
3 | Werner | 46 | } |
38 | Werner | 47 | |
158 | werner | 48 | void Tree::setGrid(FloatGrid* gridToStamp, Grid<HeightGridValue> *dominanceGrid) |
3 | Werner | 49 | { |
158 | werner | 50 | mGrid = gridToStamp; mHeightGrid = dominanceGrid; |
3 | Werner | 51 | } |
52 | |||
125 | Werner | 53 | /// dumps some core variables of a tree to a string. |
54 | QString Tree::dump() |
||
55 | { |
||
56 | QString result = QString("id %1 species %2 dbh %3 h %4 x/y %5/%6 ru# %7 LRI %8") |
||
159 | werner | 57 | .arg(mId).arg(species()->id()).arg(mDbh).arg(mHeight) |
156 | werner | 58 | .arg(position().x()).arg(position().y()) |
125 | Werner | 59 | .arg(mRU->index()).arg(mLRI); |
60 | return result; |
||
61 | } |
||
3 | Werner | 62 | |
129 | Werner | 63 | void Tree::dumpList(DebugList &rTargetList) |
64 | { |
||
159 | werner | 65 | rTargetList << mId << species()->id() << mDbh << mHeight << position().x() << position().y() << mRU->index() << mLRI |
276 | werner | 66 | << mWoodyMass << mCoarseRootMass << mFoliageMass << mLeafArea; |
129 | Werner | 67 | } |
68 | |||
38 | Werner | 69 | void Tree::setup() |
70 | { |
||
106 | Werner | 71 | if (mDbh<=0 || mHeight<=0) |
38 | Werner | 72 | return; |
73 | // check stamp |
||
159 | werner | 74 | Q_ASSERT_X(species()!=0, "Tree::setup()", "species is NULL"); |
75 | mStamp = species()->stamp(mDbh, mHeight); |
||
110 | Werner | 76 | |
159 | werner | 77 | mFoliageMass = species()->biomassFoliage(mDbh); |
276 | werner | 78 | mCoarseRootMass = species()->biomassRoot(mDbh); // coarse root (allometry) |
79 | mFineRootMass = mFoliageMass * species()->finerootFoliageRatio(); // fine root (size defined by finerootFoliageRatio) |
||
159 | werner | 80 | mWoodyMass = species()->biomassWoody(mDbh); |
110 | Werner | 81 | |
137 | Werner | 82 | // LeafArea[m2] = LeafMass[kg] * specificLeafArea[m2/kg] |
159 | werner | 83 | mLeafArea = mFoliageMass * species()->specificLeafArea(); |
276 | werner | 84 | mOpacity = 1. - exp(- Model::settings().lightExtinctionCoefficientOpacity * mLeafArea / mStamp->crownArea()); |
85 | mNPPReserve = (1+species()->finerootFoliageRatio())*mFoliageMass; // initial value |
||
137 | Werner | 86 | mDbhDelta = 0.1; // initial value: used in growth() to estimate diameter increment |
376 | werner | 87 | |
88 | // initial value for tree aging... |
||
381 | werner | 89 | mRU->addTreeAging(mLeafArea,mSpecies->aging(mHeight, mAge,flag(Tree::TreeHasRealAge))); |
38 | Werner | 90 | } |
39 | Werner | 91 | |
110 | Werner | 92 | ////////////////////////////////////////////////// |
93 | //// Light functions (Pattern-stuff) |
||
94 | ////////////////////////////////////////////////// |
||
95 | |||
70 | Werner | 96 | #define NOFULLDBG |
77 | Werner | 97 | //#define NOFULLOPT |
39 | Werner | 98 | |
40 | Werner | 99 | |
158 | werner | 100 | void Tree::applyLIP() |
77 | Werner | 101 | { |
144 | Werner | 102 | if (!mStamp) |
103 | return; |
||
106 | Werner | 104 | Q_ASSERT(mGrid!=0 && mStamp!=0 && mRU!=0); |
156 | werner | 105 | QPoint pos = mPositionIndex; |
106 | Werner | 106 | int offset = mStamp->offset(); |
77 | Werner | 107 | pos-=QPoint(offset, offset); |
108 | |||
109 | float local_dom; // height of Z* on the current position |
||
110 | int x,y; |
||
111 | float value; |
||
106 | Werner | 112 | int gr_stamp = mStamp->size(); |
77 | Werner | 113 | int grid_x, grid_y; |
114 | float *grid_value; |
||
106 | Werner | 115 | if (!mGrid->isIndexValid(pos) || !mGrid->isIndexValid(pos+QPoint(gr_stamp, gr_stamp))) { |
77 | Werner | 116 | // todo: in this case we should use another algorithm!!! |
117 | return; |
||
118 | } |
||
119 | |||
120 | for (y=0;y<gr_stamp; ++y) { |
||
121 | grid_y = pos.y() + y; |
||
106 | Werner | 122 | grid_value = mGrid->ptr(pos.x(), grid_y); |
77 | Werner | 123 | for (x=0;x<gr_stamp;++x) { |
124 | // suppose there is no stamping outside |
||
125 | grid_x = pos.x() + x; |
||
126 | |||
151 | iland | 127 | local_dom = mHeightGrid->valueAtIndex(grid_x/5, grid_y/5).height; |
106 | Werner | 128 | value = (*mStamp)(x,y); // stampvalue |
149 | werner | 129 | value = 1. - value*mOpacity / local_dom; // calculated value |
77 | Werner | 130 | value = qMax(value, 0.02f); // limit value |
131 | |||
132 | *grid_value++ *= value; |
||
133 | } |
||
134 | } |
||
135 | |||
136 | m_statPrint++; // count # of stamp applications... |
||
137 | } |
||
138 | |||
155 | werner | 139 | /// helper function for gluing the edges together |
140 | /// index: index at grid |
||
141 | /// count: number of pixels that are the simulation area (e.g. 100m and 2m pixel -> 50) |
||
142 | /// buffer: size of buffer around simulation area (in pixels) |
||
295 | werner | 143 | inline int torusIndex(int index, int count, int buffer, int ru_index) |
155 | werner | 144 | { |
295 | werner | 145 | return buffer + ru_index + (index-buffer+count)%count; |
155 | werner | 146 | } |
62 | Werner | 147 | |
155 | werner | 148 | |
149 | /** Apply LIPs. This "Torus" functions wraps the influence at the edges of a 1ha simulation area. |
||
150 | */ |
||
158 | werner | 151 | void Tree::applyLIP_torus() |
155 | werner | 152 | { |
153 | if (!mStamp) |
||
154 | return; |
||
155 | Q_ASSERT(mGrid!=0 && mStamp!=0 && mRU!=0); |
||
295 | werner | 156 | int bufferOffset = mGrid->indexAt(QPointF(0.,0.)).x(); // offset of buffer |
157 | QPoint pos = QPoint((mPositionIndex.x()-bufferOffset)%50 + bufferOffset, |
||
158 | (mPositionIndex.y()-bufferOffset)%50 + bufferOffset); // offset within the ha |
||
159 | QPoint ru_offset = QPoint(mPositionIndex.x() - pos.x(), mPositionIndex.y() - pos.y()); // offset of the corner of the resource index |
||
155 | werner | 160 | |
161 | int offset = mStamp->offset(); |
||
162 | pos-=QPoint(offset, offset); |
||
163 | |||
164 | float local_dom; // height of Z* on the current position |
||
165 | int x,y; |
||
166 | float value; |
||
167 | int gr_stamp = mStamp->size(); |
||
168 | int grid_x, grid_y; |
||
169 | float *grid_value; |
||
170 | if (!mGrid->isIndexValid(pos) || !mGrid->isIndexValid(pos+QPoint(gr_stamp, gr_stamp))) { |
||
171 | // todo: in this case we should use another algorithm!!! necessary???? |
||
172 | return; |
||
173 | } |
||
295 | werner | 174 | |
155 | werner | 175 | int xt, yt; // wraparound coordinates |
176 | for (y=0;y<gr_stamp; ++y) { |
||
177 | grid_y = pos.y() + y; |
||
295 | werner | 178 | yt = torusIndex(grid_y, 50,bufferOffset, ru_offset.y()); // 50 cells per 100m |
155 | werner | 179 | for (x=0;x<gr_stamp;++x) { |
180 | // suppose there is no stamping outside |
||
181 | grid_x = pos.x() + x; |
||
295 | werner | 182 | xt = torusIndex(grid_x,50,bufferOffset, ru_offset.x()); |
155 | werner | 183 | |
184 | local_dom = mHeightGrid->valueAtIndex(xt/5,yt/5).height; |
||
185 | value = (*mStamp)(x,y); // stampvalue |
||
186 | value = 1. - value*mOpacity / local_dom; // calculated value |
||
187 | value = qMax(value, 0.02f); // limit value |
||
188 | |||
189 | grid_value = mGrid->ptr(xt, yt); // use wraparound coordinates |
||
190 | *grid_value *= value; |
||
191 | } |
||
192 | } |
||
193 | |||
194 | m_statPrint++; // count # of stamp applications... |
||
195 | } |
||
196 | |||
74 | Werner | 197 | /** heightGrid() |
198 | This function calculates the "dominant height field". This grid is coarser as the fine-scaled light-grid. |
||
199 | */ |
||
200 | void Tree::heightGrid() |
||
201 | { |
||
202 | // height of Z* |
||
106 | Werner | 203 | const float cellsize = mHeightGrid->cellsize(); |
74 | Werner | 204 | |
156 | werner | 205 | QPoint p = QPoint(mPositionIndex.x()/5, mPositionIndex.y()/5); // pos of tree on height grid |
74 | Werner | 206 | |
151 | iland | 207 | // count trees that are on height-grid cells (used for stockable area) |
285 | werner | 208 | mHeightGrid->valueAtIndex(p).increaseCount(); |
151 | iland | 209 | |
156 | werner | 210 | int index_eastwest = mPositionIndex.x() % 5; // 4: very west, 0 east edge |
211 | int index_northsouth = mPositionIndex.y() % 5; // 4: northern edge, 0: southern edge |
||
74 | Werner | 212 | int dist[9]; |
213 | dist[3] = index_northsouth * 2 + 1; // south |
||
214 | dist[1] = index_eastwest * 2 + 1; // west |
||
215 | dist[5] = 10 - dist[3]; // north |
||
216 | dist[7] = 10 - dist[1]; // east |
||
217 | dist[8] = qMax(dist[5], dist[7]); // north-east |
||
218 | dist[6] = qMax(dist[3], dist[7]); // south-east |
||
219 | dist[0] = qMax(dist[3], dist[1]); // south-west |
||
220 | dist[2] = qMax(dist[5], dist[1]); // north-west |
||
75 | Werner | 221 | dist[4] = 0; // center cell |
76 | Werner | 222 | /* the scheme of indices is as follows: if sign(ix)= -1, if ix<0, 0 for ix=0, 1 for ix>0 (detto iy), then: |
223 | index = 4 + 3*sign(ix) + sign(iy) transforms combinations of directions to unique ids (0..8), which are used above. |
||
224 | e.g.: sign(ix) = -1, sign(iy) = 1 (=north-west) -> index = 4 + -3 + 1 = 2 |
||
225 | */ |
||
74 | Werner | 226 | |
227 | |||
106 | Werner | 228 | int ringcount = int(floor(mHeight / cellsize)) + 1; |
74 | Werner | 229 | int ix, iy; |
230 | int ring; |
||
231 | QPoint pos; |
||
232 | float hdom; |
||
233 | |||
234 | for (ix=-ringcount;ix<=ringcount;ix++) |
||
235 | for (iy=-ringcount; iy<=+ringcount; iy++) { |
||
236 | ring = qMax(abs(ix), abs(iy)); |
||
237 | QPoint pos(ix+p.x(), iy+p.y()); |
||
106 | Werner | 238 | if (mHeightGrid->isIndexValid(pos)) { |
151 | iland | 239 | float &rHGrid = mHeightGrid->valueAtIndex(pos).height; |
106 | Werner | 240 | if (rHGrid > mHeight) // skip calculation if grid is higher than tree |
74 | Werner | 241 | continue; |
242 | int direction = 4 + (ix?(ix<0?-3:3):0) + (iy?(iy<0?-1:1):0); // 4 + 3*sgn(x) + sgn(y) |
||
106 | Werner | 243 | hdom = mHeight - dist[direction]; |
74 | Werner | 244 | if (ring>1) |
245 | hdom -= (ring-1)*10; |
||
246 | |||
247 | rHGrid = qMax(rHGrid, hdom); // write value |
||
248 | } // is valid |
||
249 | } // for (y) |
||
39 | Werner | 250 | } |
40 | Werner | 251 | |
155 | werner | 252 | |
253 | |||
158 | werner | 254 | void Tree::readLIF() |
40 | Werner | 255 | { |
106 | Werner | 256 | if (!mStamp) |
155 | werner | 257 | return; |
258 | const Stamp *reader = mStamp->reader(); |
||
259 | if (!reader) |
||
260 | return; |
||
156 | werner | 261 | QPoint pos_reader = mPositionIndex; |
155 | werner | 262 | |
263 | int offset_reader = reader->offset(); |
||
264 | int offset_writer = mStamp->offset(); |
||
265 | int d_offset = offset_writer - offset_reader; // offset on the *stamp* to the crown-cells |
||
266 | |||
267 | QPoint pos_writer=pos_reader - QPoint(offset_writer, offset_writer); |
||
268 | pos_reader-=QPoint(offset_reader, offset_reader); |
||
40 | Werner | 269 | QPoint p; |
270 | |||
155 | werner | 271 | //float dom_height = (*m_dominanceGrid)[m_Position]; |
272 | float local_dom; |
||
273 | |||
40 | Werner | 274 | int x,y; |
275 | double sum=0.; |
||
155 | werner | 276 | double value, own_value; |
277 | float *grid_value; |
||
278 | int reader_size = reader->size(); |
||
279 | int rx = pos_reader.x(); |
||
280 | int ry = pos_reader.y(); |
||
281 | for (y=0;y<reader_size; ++y, ++ry) { |
||
282 | grid_value = mGrid->ptr(rx, ry); |
||
283 | for (x=0;x<reader_size;++x) { |
||
284 | |||
285 | //p = pos_reader + QPoint(x,y); |
||
286 | //if (m_grid->isIndexValid(p)) { |
||
287 | local_dom = mHeightGrid->valueAtIndex((rx+x)/5, ry/5).height; // ry: gets ++ed in outer loop, rx not |
||
288 | //local_dom = m_dominanceGrid->valueAt( m_grid->cellCoordinates(p) ); |
||
289 | |||
290 | own_value = 1. - mStamp->offsetValue(x,y,d_offset)*mOpacity / local_dom; // old: dom_height; |
||
291 | own_value = qMax(own_value, 0.02); |
||
292 | value = *grid_value++ / own_value; // remove impact of focal tree |
||
293 | //if (value>0.) |
||
294 | sum += value * (*reader)(x,y); |
||
295 | |||
296 | //} // isIndexValid |
||
40 | Werner | 297 | } |
298 | } |
||
155 | werner | 299 | mLRI = sum; |
48 | Werner | 300 | // read dominance field... |
155 | werner | 301 | // this applies only if some trees are potentially *higher* than the dominant height grid |
302 | //if (dom_height < m_Height) { |
||
48 | Werner | 303 | // if tree is higher than Z*, the dominance height |
304 | // a part of the crown is in "full light". |
||
155 | werner | 305 | // m_statAboveZ++; |
306 | // mImpact = 1. - (1. - mImpact)*dom_height/m_Height; |
||
307 | //} |
||
308 | if (mLRI > 1.) |
||
309 | mLRI = 1.; |
||
206 | werner | 310 | |
311 | // Finally, add LRI of this Tree to the ResourceUnit! |
||
251 | werner | 312 | mRU->addWLA(mLeafArea, mLRI); |
206 | werner | 313 | |
212 | werner | 314 | |
155 | werner | 315 | //qDebug() << "Tree #"<< id() << "value" << sum << "Impact" << mImpact; |
206 | werner | 316 | //mRU->addWLA(mLRI*mLeafArea, mLeafArea); |
40 | Werner | 317 | } |
318 | |||
158 | werner | 319 | void Tree::heightGrid_torus() |
155 | werner | 320 | { |
321 | // height of Z* |
||
322 | const float cellsize = mHeightGrid->cellsize(); |
||
58 | Werner | 323 | |
156 | werner | 324 | QPoint p = QPoint(mPositionIndex.x()/5, mPositionIndex.y()/5); // pos of tree on height grid |
295 | werner | 325 | int bufferOffset = mHeightGrid->indexAt(QPointF(0.,0.)).x(); // offset of buffer |
155 | werner | 326 | |
327 | // count trees that are on height-grid cells (used for stockable area) |
||
285 | werner | 328 | mHeightGrid->valueAtIndex(p).increaseCount(); |
155 | werner | 329 | |
295 | werner | 330 | // torus coordinates |
331 | p.setX((p.x()-bufferOffset)%10 + bufferOffset); |
||
332 | p.setY((p.y()-bufferOffset)%10 + bufferOffset); |
||
333 | QPoint ru_offset =QPoint(mPositionIndex.x()/5 - p.x(), mPositionIndex.y()/5 - p.y()); |
||
334 | |||
156 | werner | 335 | int index_eastwest = mPositionIndex.x() % 5; // 4: very west, 0 east edge |
336 | int index_northsouth = mPositionIndex.y() % 5; // 4: northern edge, 0: southern edge |
||
155 | werner | 337 | int dist[9]; |
338 | dist[3] = index_northsouth * 2 + 1; // south |
||
339 | dist[1] = index_eastwest * 2 + 1; // west |
||
340 | dist[5] = 10 - dist[3]; // north |
||
341 | dist[7] = 10 - dist[1]; // east |
||
342 | dist[8] = qMax(dist[5], dist[7]); // north-east |
||
343 | dist[6] = qMax(dist[3], dist[7]); // south-east |
||
344 | dist[0] = qMax(dist[3], dist[1]); // south-west |
||
345 | dist[2] = qMax(dist[5], dist[1]); // north-west |
||
346 | dist[4] = 0; // center cell |
||
347 | /* the scheme of indices is as follows: if sign(ix)= -1, if ix<0, 0 for ix=0, 1 for ix>0 (detto iy), then: |
||
348 | index = 4 + 3*sign(ix) + sign(iy) transforms combinations of directions to unique ids (0..8), which are used above. |
||
349 | e.g.: sign(ix) = -1, sign(iy) = 1 (=north-west) -> index = 4 + -3 + 1 = 2 |
||
350 | */ |
||
351 | |||
352 | |||
353 | int ringcount = int(floor(mHeight / cellsize)) + 1; |
||
354 | int ix, iy; |
||
355 | int ring; |
||
356 | float hdom; |
||
357 | for (ix=-ringcount;ix<=ringcount;ix++) |
||
358 | for (iy=-ringcount; iy<=+ringcount; iy++) { |
||
359 | ring = qMax(abs(ix), abs(iy)); |
||
360 | QPoint pos(ix+p.x(), iy+p.y()); |
||
295 | werner | 361 | QPoint p_torus(torusIndex(pos.x(),10,bufferOffset,ru_offset.x()), |
362 | torusIndex(pos.y(),10,bufferOffset,ru_offset.y())); |
||
363 | if (mHeightGrid->isIndexValid(p_torus)) { |
||
364 | float &rHGrid = mHeightGrid->valueAtIndex(p_torus.x(),p_torus.y()).height; |
||
155 | werner | 365 | if (rHGrid > mHeight) // skip calculation if grid is higher than tree |
366 | continue; |
||
367 | int direction = 4 + (ix?(ix<0?-3:3):0) + (iy?(iy<0?-1:1):0); // 4 + 3*sgn(x) + sgn(y) |
||
368 | hdom = mHeight - dist[direction]; |
||
369 | if (ring>1) |
||
370 | hdom -= (ring-1)*10; |
||
371 | |||
372 | rHGrid = qMax(rHGrid, hdom); // write value |
||
373 | } // is valid |
||
374 | } // for (y) |
||
375 | } |
||
376 | |||
377 | /// Torus version of read stamp (glued edges) |
||
158 | werner | 378 | void Tree::readLIF_torus() |
78 | Werner | 379 | { |
106 | Werner | 380 | if (!mStamp) |
107 | Werner | 381 | return; |
106 | Werner | 382 | const Stamp *reader = mStamp->reader(); |
78 | Werner | 383 | if (!reader) |
107 | Werner | 384 | return; |
295 | werner | 385 | int bufferOffset = mGrid->indexAt(QPointF(0.,0.)).x(); // offset of buffer |
78 | Werner | 386 | |
295 | werner | 387 | QPoint pos_reader = QPoint((mPositionIndex.x()-bufferOffset)%50 + bufferOffset, |
388 | (mPositionIndex.y()-bufferOffset)%50 + bufferOffset); // offset within the ha |
||
389 | QPoint ru_offset = QPoint(mPositionIndex.x() - pos_reader.x(), mPositionIndex.y() - pos_reader.y()); // offset of the corner of the resource index |
||
390 | |||
78 | Werner | 391 | int offset_reader = reader->offset(); |
106 | Werner | 392 | int offset_writer = mStamp->offset(); |
78 | Werner | 393 | int d_offset = offset_writer - offset_reader; // offset on the *stamp* to the crown-cells |
394 | |||
395 | pos_reader-=QPoint(offset_reader, offset_reader); |
||
396 | |||
397 | float local_dom; |
||
398 | |||
399 | int x,y; |
||
400 | double sum=0.; |
||
401 | double value, own_value; |
||
402 | float *grid_value; |
||
403 | int reader_size = reader->size(); |
||
404 | int rx = pos_reader.x(); |
||
405 | int ry = pos_reader.y(); |
||
155 | werner | 406 | int xt, yt; // wrapped coords |
407 | |||
78 | Werner | 408 | for (y=0;y<reader_size; ++y, ++ry) { |
106 | Werner | 409 | grid_value = mGrid->ptr(rx, ry); |
78 | Werner | 410 | for (x=0;x<reader_size;++x) { |
295 | werner | 411 | xt = torusIndex(rx+x,50, bufferOffset, ru_offset.x()); |
412 | yt = torusIndex(ry+y,50, bufferOffset, ru_offset.y()); |
||
155 | werner | 413 | grid_value = mGrid->ptr(xt,yt); |
78 | Werner | 414 | //p = pos_reader + QPoint(x,y); |
415 | //if (m_grid->isIndexValid(p)) { |
||
155 | werner | 416 | local_dom = mHeightGrid->valueAtIndex(xt/5, yt/5).height; // ry: gets ++ed in outer loop, rx not |
78 | Werner | 417 | //local_dom = m_dominanceGrid->valueAt( m_grid->cellCoordinates(p) ); |
125 | Werner | 418 | |
149 | werner | 419 | own_value = 1. - mStamp->offsetValue(x,y,d_offset)*mOpacity / local_dom; // old: dom_height; |
78 | Werner | 420 | own_value = qMax(own_value, 0.02); |
155 | werner | 421 | value = *grid_value / own_value; // remove impact of focal tree |
321 | werner | 422 | //if (_isnan(value)) |
423 | // qDebug() << "isnan" << id(); |
||
78 | Werner | 424 | //if (value>0.) |
425 | sum += value * (*reader)(x,y); |
||
426 | |||
427 | //} // isIndexValid |
||
428 | } |
||
429 | } |
||
106 | Werner | 430 | mLRI = sum; |
321 | werner | 431 | if (_isnan(mLRI)) { |
432 | qDebug() << "LRI invalid (nan)!" << id(); |
||
433 | mLRI=0.; |
||
434 | //qDebug() << reader->dump(); |
||
435 | } |
||
148 | iland | 436 | if (mLRI > 1.) |
437 | mLRI = 1.; |
||
78 | Werner | 438 | //qDebug() << "Tree #"<< id() << "value" << sum << "Impact" << mImpact; |
205 | werner | 439 | |
440 | // Finally, add LRI of this Tree to the ResourceUnit! |
||
251 | werner | 441 | mRU->addWLA(mLeafArea, mLRI); |
58 | Werner | 442 | } |
443 | |||
155 | werner | 444 | |
40 | Werner | 445 | void Tree::resetStatistics() |
446 | { |
||
447 | m_statPrint=0; |
||
105 | Werner | 448 | m_statCreated=0; |
48 | Werner | 449 | m_statAboveZ=0; |
40 | Werner | 450 | m_nextId=1; |
451 | } |
||
107 | Werner | 452 | |
251 | werner | 453 | void Tree::calcLightResponse() |
454 | { |
||
455 | // calculate a light response from lri: |
||
298 | werner | 456 | // http://iland.boku.ac.at/individual+tree+light+availability |
251 | werner | 457 | double lri = limit(mLRI * mRU->LRImodifier(), 0., 1.); |
274 | werner | 458 | mLightResponse = mSpecies->lightResponse(lri); |
251 | werner | 459 | mRU->addLR(mLeafArea, mLightResponse); |
460 | |||
461 | } |
||
462 | |||
110 | Werner | 463 | ////////////////////////////////////////////////// |
464 | //// Growth Functions |
||
465 | ////////////////////////////////////////////////// |
||
107 | Werner | 466 | |
227 | werner | 467 | /** grow() is the main function of the yearly tree growth. |
468 | The main steps are: |
||
298 | werner | 469 | - Production of GPP/NPP @sa http://iland.boku.ac.at/primary+production http://iland.boku.ac.at/individual+tree+light+availability |
470 | - Partitioning of NPP to biomass compartments of the tree @sa http://iland.boku.ac.at/allocation |
||
227 | werner | 471 | - Growth of the stem http://iland.boku.ac.at/stem+growth (???) |
472 | Additionally, the age of the tree is increased and the mortality sub routine is executed.*/ |
||
107 | Werner | 473 | void Tree::grow() |
474 | { |
||
159 | werner | 475 | TreeGrowthData d; |
169 | werner | 476 | mAge++; // increase age |
230 | werner | 477 | // step 1: get "interception area" of the tree individual [m2] |
478 | // the sum of all area of all trees of a unit equal the total stocked area * interception_factor(Beer-Lambert) |
||
479 | double effective_area = mRU->interceptedArea(mLeafArea, mLightResponse); |
||
107 | Werner | 480 | |
230 | werner | 481 | // step 2: calculate GPP of the tree based |
482 | // (1) get the amount of GPP for a "unit area" of the tree species |
||
483 | double raw_gpp_per_area = mRU->resourceUnitSpecies(species()).prod3PG().GPPperArea(); |
||
484 | // (2) GPP (without aging-effect) in kg Biomass / year |
||
485 | double raw_gpp = raw_gpp_per_area * effective_area; |
||
161 | werner | 486 | |
227 | werner | 487 | // apply aging according to the state of the individuum |
381 | werner | 488 | const double aging_factor = mSpecies->aging(mHeight, mAge, flag(Tree::TreeHasRealAge)); |
376 | werner | 489 | mRU->addTreeAging(mLeafArea, aging_factor); |
227 | werner | 490 | double gpp = raw_gpp * aging_factor; // |
491 | d.NPP = gpp * 0.47; // respiration loss, cf. Waring et al 1998. |
||
113 | Werner | 492 | |
279 | werner | 493 | //DBGMODE( |
137 | Werner | 494 | if (GlobalSettings::instance()->isDebugEnabled(GlobalSettings::dTreeNPP) && isDebugging()) { |
133 | Werner | 495 | DebugList &out = GlobalSettings::instance()->debugList(mId, GlobalSettings::dTreeNPP); |
496 | dumpList(out); // add tree headers |
||
299 | werner | 497 | out << mLRI * mRU->LRImodifier() << mLightResponse << effective_area << raw_gpp << gpp << d.NPP << aging_factor; |
133 | Werner | 498 | } |
279 | werner | 499 | //); // DBGMODE() |
217 | werner | 500 | if (d.NPP>0.) |
501 | partitioning(d); // split npp to compartments and grow (diameter, height) |
||
133 | Werner | 502 | |
200 | werner | 503 | if (Model::settings().mortalityEnabled) |
504 | mortality(d); |
||
110 | Werner | 505 | |
159 | werner | 506 | mStressIndex = d.stress_index; |
180 | werner | 507 | |
508 | if (!isDead()) |
||
257 | werner | 509 | mRU->resourceUnitSpecies(species()).statistics().add(this, &d); |
277 | werner | 510 | |
107 | Werner | 511 | } |
512 | |||
227 | werner | 513 | /** partitioning of this years assimilates (NPP) to biomass compartments. |
298 | werner | 514 | Conceptionally, the algorithm is based on Duursma, 2007. |
515 | @sa http://iland.boku.ac.at/allocation */ |
||
159 | werner | 516 | inline void Tree::partitioning(TreeGrowthData &d) |
115 | Werner | 517 | { |
164 | werner | 518 | if (isDebugging()) |
519 | enableDebugging(true); |
||
159 | werner | 520 | double npp = d.NPP; |
115 | Werner | 521 | // add content of reserve pool |
116 | Werner | 522 | npp += mNPPReserve; |
159 | werner | 523 | const double foliage_mass_allo = species()->biomassFoliage(mDbh); |
276 | werner | 524 | const double reserve_size = foliage_mass_allo * (1. + mSpecies->finerootFoliageRatio()); |
297 | werner | 525 | double refill_reserve = qMin(reserve_size, (1. + mSpecies->finerootFoliageRatio())*mFoliageMass); // not always try to refill reserve 100% |
119 | Werner | 526 | |
136 | Werner | 527 | double apct_wood, apct_root, apct_foliage; // allocation percentages (sum=1) (eta) |
117 | Werner | 528 | // turnover rates |
159 | werner | 529 | const double &to_fol = species()->turnoverLeaf(); |
530 | const double &to_root = species()->turnoverRoot(); |
||
136 | Werner | 531 | // the turnover rate of wood depends on the size of the reserve pool: |
116 | Werner | 532 | |
136 | Werner | 533 | |
163 | werner | 534 | double to_wood = refill_reserve / (mWoodyMass + refill_reserve); |
535 | |||
227 | werner | 536 | apct_root = mRU->resourceUnitSpecies(species()).prod3PG().rootFraction(); |
261 | werner | 537 | d.NPP_above = d.NPP * (1. - apct_root); // aboveground: total NPP - fraction to roots |
298 | werner | 538 | double b_wf = species()->allometricRatio_wf(); // ratio of allometric exponents (b_woody / b_foliage) |
117 | Werner | 539 | |
540 | // Duursma 2007, Eq. (20) |
||
167 | werner | 541 | apct_wood = (foliage_mass_allo*to_wood/npp + b_wf*(1.-apct_root) - b_wf*foliage_mass_allo*to_fol/npp) / ( foliage_mass_allo/mWoodyMass + b_wf ); |
163 | werner | 542 | if (apct_wood<0) |
543 | apct_wood = 0.; |
||
117 | Werner | 544 | apct_foliage = 1. - apct_root - apct_wood; |
545 | |||
163 | werner | 546 | |
547 | //DBGMODE( |
||
548 | if (apct_foliage<0 || apct_wood<0) |
||
549 | qDebug() << "transfer to foliage or wood < 0"; |
||
550 | if (npp<0) |
||
551 | qDebug() << "NPP < 0"; |
||
552 | // ); |
||
553 | |||
136 | Werner | 554 | // Change of biomass compartments |
276 | werner | 555 | double sen_root = mFineRootMass * to_root; |
556 | double sen_foliage = mFoliageMass * to_fol; |
||
298 | werner | 557 | |
136 | Werner | 558 | // Roots |
298 | werner | 559 | // http://iland.boku.ac.at/allocation#belowground_NPP |
276 | werner | 560 | mFineRootMass -= sen_root; // reduce only fine root pool |
561 | double delta_root = apct_root * npp; |
||
562 | // 1st, refill the fine root pool |
||
563 | double fineroot_miss = mFoliageMass * mSpecies->finerootFoliageRatio() - mFineRootMass; |
||
564 | if (fineroot_miss>0.){ |
||
565 | double delta_fineroot = qMin(fineroot_miss, delta_root); |
||
566 | mFineRootMass += delta_fineroot; |
||
567 | delta_root -= delta_fineroot; |
||
568 | } |
||
569 | // 2nd, the rest of NPP allocated to roots go to coarse roots |
||
570 | mCoarseRootMass += delta_root; |
||
119 | Werner | 571 | |
136 | Werner | 572 | // Foliage |
159 | werner | 573 | double delta_foliage = apct_foliage * npp - sen_foliage; |
137 | Werner | 574 | mFoliageMass += delta_foliage; |
217 | werner | 575 | if (_isnan(mFoliageMass)) |
576 | qDebug() << "foliage mass invalid!"; |
||
163 | werner | 577 | if (mFoliageMass<0.) mFoliageMass=0.; // limit to zero |
578 | |||
159 | werner | 579 | mLeafArea = mFoliageMass * species()->specificLeafArea(); // update leaf area |
119 | Werner | 580 | |
271 | werner | 581 | // stress index: different varaints at denominator: to_fol*foliage_mass = leafmass to rebuild, |
198 | werner | 582 | // foliage_mass_allo: simply higher chance for stress |
271 | werner | 583 | // note: npp = NPP + reserve (see above) |
276 | werner | 584 | d.stress_index =qMax(1. - (npp) / ( to_fol*foliage_mass_allo + to_root*foliage_mass_allo*species()->finerootFoliageRatio() + reserve_size), 0.); |
198 | werner | 585 | |
136 | Werner | 586 | // Woody compartments |
298 | werner | 587 | // see also: http://iland.boku.ac.at/allocation#reserve_and_allocation_to_stem_growth |
136 | Werner | 588 | // (1) transfer to reserve pool |
589 | double gross_woody = apct_wood * npp; |
||
590 | double to_reserve = qMin(reserve_size, gross_woody); |
||
591 | mNPPReserve = to_reserve; |
||
592 | double net_woody = gross_woody - to_reserve; |
||
137 | Werner | 593 | double net_stem = 0.; |
164 | werner | 594 | mDbhDelta = 0.; |
165 | werner | 595 | |
596 | |||
136 | Werner | 597 | if (net_woody > 0.) { |
598 | // (2) calculate part of increment that is dedicated to the stem (which is a function of diameter) |
||
159 | werner | 599 | net_stem = net_woody * species()->allometricFractionStem(mDbh); |
600 | d.NPP_stem = net_stem; |
||
137 | Werner | 601 | mWoodyMass += net_woody; |
136 | Werner | 602 | // (3) growth of diameter and height baseed on net stem increment |
159 | werner | 603 | grow_diameter(d); |
136 | Werner | 604 | } |
119 | Werner | 605 | |
279 | werner | 606 | //DBGMODE( |
137 | Werner | 607 | if (GlobalSettings::instance()->isDebugEnabled(GlobalSettings::dTreePartition) |
608 | && isDebugging() ) { |
||
129 | Werner | 609 | DebugList &out = GlobalSettings::instance()->debugList(mId, GlobalSettings::dTreePartition); |
610 | dumpList(out); // add tree headers |
||
136 | Werner | 611 | out << npp << apct_foliage << apct_wood << apct_root |
276 | werner | 612 | << delta_foliage << net_woody << delta_root << mNPPReserve << net_stem << d.stress_index; |
137 | Werner | 613 | } |
144 | Werner | 614 | |
279 | werner | 615 | //); // DBGMODE() |
144 | Werner | 616 | //DBGMODE( |
276 | werner | 617 | if (mWoodyMass<0. || mWoodyMass>10000 || mFoliageMass<0. || mFoliageMass>1000. || mCoarseRootMass<0. || mCoarseRootMass>10000 |
144 | Werner | 618 | || mNPPReserve>2000.) { |
619 | qDebug() << "Tree:partitioning: invalid pools."; |
||
620 | qDebug() << GlobalSettings::instance()->debugListCaptions(GlobalSettings::DebugOutputs(0)); |
||
621 | DebugList dbg; dumpList(dbg); |
||
622 | qDebug() << dbg; |
||
623 | } //); |
||
624 | |||
136 | Werner | 625 | /*DBG_IF_X(mId == 1 , "Tree::partitioning", "dump", dump() |
626 | + QString("npp %1 npp_reserve %9 sen_fol %2 sen_stem %3 sen_root %4 net_fol %5 net_stem %6 net_root %7 to_reserve %8") |
||
627 | .arg(npp).arg(senescence_foliage).arg(senescence_stem).arg(senescence_root) |
||
628 | .arg(net_foliage).arg(net_stem).arg(net_root).arg(to_reserve).arg(mNPPReserve) );*/ |
||
129 | Werner | 629 | |
115 | Werner | 630 | } |
631 | |||
125 | Werner | 632 | |
134 | Werner | 633 | /** Determination of diamter and height growth based on increment of the stem mass (@p net_stem_npp). |
125 | Werner | 634 | Refer to XXX for equations and variables. |
635 | This function updates the dbh and height of the tree. |
||
227 | werner | 636 | The equations are based on dbh in meters! */ |
159 | werner | 637 | inline void Tree::grow_diameter(TreeGrowthData &d) |
119 | Werner | 638 | { |
639 | // determine dh-ratio of increment |
||
640 | // height increment is a function of light competition: |
||
125 | Werner | 641 | double hd_growth = relative_height_growth(); // hd of height growth |
153 | werner | 642 | double d_m = mDbh / 100.; // current diameter in [m] |
159 | werner | 643 | double net_stem_npp = d.NPP_stem; |
644 | |||
153 | werner | 645 | const double d_delta_m = mDbhDelta / 100.; // increment of last year in [m] |
115 | Werner | 646 | |
159 | werner | 647 | const double mass_factor = species()->volumeFactor() * species()->density(); |
153 | werner | 648 | double stem_mass = mass_factor * d_m*d_m * mHeight; // result: kg, dbh[cm], h[meter] |
123 | Werner | 649 | |
153 | werner | 650 | // factor is in diameter increment per NPP [m/kg] |
651 | double factor_diameter = 1. / ( mass_factor * (d_m + d_delta_m)*(d_m + d_delta_m) * ( 2. * mHeight/d_m + hd_growth) ); |
||
125 | Werner | 652 | double delta_d_estimate = factor_diameter * net_stem_npp; // estimated dbh-inc using last years increment |
653 | |||
654 | // using that dbh-increment we estimate a stem-mass-increment and the residual (Eq. 9) |
||
153 | werner | 655 | double stem_estimate = mass_factor * (d_m + delta_d_estimate)*(d_m + delta_d_estimate)*(mHeight + delta_d_estimate*hd_growth); |
137 | Werner | 656 | double stem_residual = stem_estimate - (stem_mass + net_stem_npp); |
125 | Werner | 657 | |
658 | // the final increment is then: |
||
659 | double d_increment = factor_diameter * (net_stem_npp - stem_residual); // Eq. (11) |
||
144 | Werner | 660 | DBG_IF_X(d_increment<0. || d_increment>0.1, "Tree::grow_dimater", "increment out of range.", dump() |
125 | Werner | 661 | + QString("\nhdz %1 factor_diameter %2 stem_residual %3 delta_d_estimate %4 d_increment %5 final residual(kg) %6") |
662 | .arg(hd_growth).arg(factor_diameter).arg(stem_residual).arg(delta_d_estimate).arg(d_increment) |
||
142 | Werner | 663 | .arg( mass_factor * (mDbh + d_increment)*(mDbh + d_increment)*(mHeight + d_increment*hd_growth)-((stem_mass + net_stem_npp)) )); |
125 | Werner | 664 | |
303 | werner | 665 | //DBGMODE( |
326 | werner | 666 | // double res_final = mass_factor * (d_m + d_increment)*(d_m + d_increment)*(mHeight + d_increment*hd_growth)-((stem_mass + net_stem_npp)); |
667 | DBG_IF_X((mass_factor * (d_m + d_increment)*(d_m + d_increment)*(mHeight + d_increment*hd_growth)-((stem_mass + net_stem_npp))) > 1, "Tree::grow_diameter", "final residual stem estimate > 1kg", dump()); |
||
153 | werner | 668 | DBG_IF_X(d_increment > 10. || d_increment*hd_growth >10., "Tree::grow_diameter", "growth out of bound:",QString("d-increment %1 h-increment %2 ").arg(d_increment).arg(d_increment*hd_growth/100.) + dump()); |
158 | werner | 669 | |
137 | Werner | 670 | if (GlobalSettings::instance()->isDebugEnabled(GlobalSettings::dTreeGrowth) && isDebugging() ) { |
126 | Werner | 671 | DebugList &out = GlobalSettings::instance()->debugList(mId, GlobalSettings::dTreeGrowth); |
129 | Werner | 672 | dumpList(out); // add tree headers |
143 | Werner | 673 | out << net_stem_npp << stem_mass << hd_growth << factor_diameter << delta_d_estimate*100 << d_increment*100; |
126 | Werner | 674 | } |
153 | werner | 675 | |
303 | werner | 676 | //); // DBGMODE() |
125 | Werner | 677 | |
678 | d_increment = qMax(d_increment, 0.); |
||
679 | |||
680 | // update state variables |
||
153 | werner | 681 | mDbh += d_increment*100; // convert from [m] to [cm] |
682 | mDbhDelta = d_increment*100; // save for next year's growth |
||
683 | mHeight += d_increment * hd_growth; |
||
158 | werner | 684 | |
685 | // update state of LIP stamp and opacity |
||
159 | werner | 686 | mStamp = species()->stamp(mDbh, mHeight); // get new stamp for updated dimensions |
158 | werner | 687 | // calculate the CrownFactor which reflects the opacity of the crown |
200 | werner | 688 | const double k=Model::settings().lightExtinctionCoefficientOpacity; |
689 | mOpacity = 1. - exp(-k * mLeafArea / mStamp->crownArea()); |
||
158 | werner | 690 | |
119 | Werner | 691 | } |
692 | |||
125 | Werner | 693 | |
694 | /// return the HD ratio of this year's increment based on the light status. |
||
119 | Werner | 695 | inline double Tree::relative_height_growth() |
696 | { |
||
697 | double hd_low, hd_high; |
||
698 | mSpecies->hdRange(mDbh, hd_low, hd_high); |
||
699 | |||
125 | Werner | 700 | DBG_IF_X(hd_low>hd_high, "Tree::relative_height_growth", "hd low higher dann hd_high for ", dump()); |
701 | DBG_IF_X(hd_low < 20 || hd_high>250, "Tree::relative_height_growth", "hd out of range ", dump() + QString(" hd-low: %1 hd-high: %2").arg(hd_low).arg(hd_high)); |
||
702 | |||
703 | // scale according to LRI: if receiving much light (LRI=1), the result is hd_low (for open grown trees) |
||
326 | werner | 704 | // use the corrected LRI (see tracker#11) |
705 | double lri = limit(mLRI * mRU->LRImodifier(),0.,1.); |
||
706 | double hd_ratio = hd_high - (hd_high-hd_low)*lri; |
||
125 | Werner | 707 | return hd_ratio; |
119 | Werner | 708 | } |
141 | Werner | 709 | |
278 | werner | 710 | /** This function is called if a tree dies. |
711 | @sa ResourceUnit::cleanTreeList(), remove() */ |
||
277 | werner | 712 | void Tree::die(TreeGrowthData *d) |
713 | { |
||
714 | setFlag(Tree::TreeDead, true); // set flag that tree is dead |
||
715 | mRU->resourceUnitSpecies(species()).statisticsDead().add(this, d); // add tree to statistics |
||
716 | } |
||
717 | |||
278 | werner | 718 | void Tree::remove() |
719 | { |
||
720 | setFlag(Tree::TreeDead, true); // set flag that tree is dead |
||
721 | mRU->resourceUnitSpecies(species()).statisticsMgmt().add(this, 0); |
||
722 | } |
||
723 | |||
159 | werner | 724 | void Tree::mortality(TreeGrowthData &d) |
725 | { |
||
163 | werner | 726 | // death if leaf area is 0 |
727 | if (mFoliageMass<0.00001) |
||
728 | die(); |
||
729 | |||
308 | werner | 730 | double p_death, p_stress, p_intrinsic; |
731 | p_intrinsic = species()->deathProb_intrinsic(); |
||
732 | p_stress = species()->deathProb_stress(d.stress_index); |
||
733 | p_death = p_intrinsic + p_stress; |
||
190 | werner | 734 | double p = drandom(); //0..1 |
159 | werner | 735 | if (p<p_death) { |
736 | // die... |
||
737 | die(); |
||
738 | } |
||
739 | } |
||
141 | Werner | 740 | |
741 | ////////////////////////////////////////////////// |
||
742 | //// value functions |
||
743 | ////////////////////////////////////////////////// |
||
744 | |||
145 | Werner | 745 | double Tree::volume() const |
141 | Werner | 746 | { |
747 | /// @see Species::volumeFactor() for details |
||
159 | werner | 748 | const double volume_factor = species()->volumeFactor(); |
157 | werner | 749 | const double volume = volume_factor * mDbh*mDbh*mHeight * 0.0001; // dbh in cm: cm/100 * cm/100 = cm*cm * 0.0001 = m2 |
141 | Werner | 750 | return volume; |
751 | } |
||
180 | werner | 752 | |
753 | double Tree::basalArea() const |
||
754 | { |
||
755 | // A = r^2 * pi = d/2*pi; from cm->m: d/200 |
||
756 | const double b = (mDbh/200.)*(mDbh/200.)*M_PI; |
||
757 | return b; |
||
758 | } |